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Journal of Aging and Health
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Does the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) Explain Exercise Behavior in a Community-Based Sample of Older Women?

Mary J. Findorff, PhD, RN

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, find0003{at}umn.edu

Holly Hatch Stock, MSc, MA

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis

Cynthia R. Gross, PhD

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis

Jean F. Wyman, PhD, RN, FAAN

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis

Objective: To determine whether patterns of exercise adoption by older women would conform to the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change. Methods: Participants were randomized into an exercise group (walk 30 minutes per day, 5 days per week, plus balance exercises twice per week) or attention control (health education on topics other than exercise). The intervention was conducted over 28 weeks with 1-year follow-up. Results: Participants included 272 sedentary women aged 70 and above. Exercise adoption was higher in the intervention group (83% vs. 17% among controls). After 1 year, 60% of the intervention group was in action or maintenance, compared to 16% of the control group. Self-efficacy following the intervention predicted long-term exercise adherence. Discussion: Few studies have addressed longitudinal analysis of the TTM for exercise adoption. Most constructs from the TTM were useful in explaining exercise adoption in older sedentary women.

Key Words: exercise • Transtheoretical Model • older women

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Journal of Aging and Health, Vol. 19, No. 6, 985-1003 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0898264307308341
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*Exercise and Physical Fitness
*Healthy Living
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