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Journal of Aging and Health
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The Effects of Developing a Dual Sensory Loss on Depression in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study

Michele Capella McDonnall, PhD

Mississippi State University, m.mcdonnall{at}msstate.edu

Objectives: To determine the effect of developing a dual sensory loss (DSL) on depression over time and evaluate the impact of preexisting single sensory loss on this effect. Method: Multilevel modeling was used to analyze data (N = 2,689) from the Health and Retirement Study. Results: A significant increase in depression at the first report of DSL occurred, and depression increased at a significantly faster rate following DSL, in a curvilinear pattern. In addition, persons who eventually developed DSL began the study with a depression score significantly higher than persons who did not experience sensory loss. A preexisting single sensory loss did not alter the effect of DSL on depression. Discussion: Two sources of disparity in depression between persons with and without DSL were identified: preexisting differences and differences that occurred due to the DSL. The relationship exhibited between depression and developing a DSL indicated an adjustment process.

Key Words: depression • hearing loss • vision loss • dual sensory loss

Journal of Aging and Health, Vol. 21, No. 8, 1179-1199 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0898264309350077
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