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Journal of Aging and Health, Vol. 12, No. 4, 470-489 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/089826430001200402

Sustained Personal Autonomy

A Measure of Successful Aging

Amasa B. Ford, MD

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Marie R. Haug, PhD

Center on Aging and Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Kurt C. Stange, MD, PhD

Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Atwood D. Gaines, PhD, MPH

Departments of Anthropology, Biomedical Ethics and Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Linda S. Noelker, PhD

Margaret Blenkner Research Center, Benjamin Rose Institute, Cleveland, OH

Paul K. Jones, PhD

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Objectives: This study addresses the following question: What characteristics of urban, noninstitutionalized elders predict which individuals are most likely to remain independent of personal assistance during a 2-year observation period? Methods: A population-based sample of 602 noninstitutionalized urban residents aged 70 and older was followed for 2 years. Results: Ninety-eight of the 487 survivors remained independent. Factors associated with sustained independence were relatively younger age, male gender, fewer medical conditions, good physical function, and nonsmoking. The attitudes "favors family or self over agency assistance" and "does not expect filial obligation" were also independently associated. Discussion: The results are consistent with previous studies of successful aging and showthat attitudes expressed at baseline favoring personal independence are associated with sustained autonomy during a period of at least 2 years.


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